Ceramic composites for bone graft applications

Abstract

Collagraft bone graft substitute was an early bone graft composite of collagen and hydroxyapatite developed and commercialized by Zimmer and Collagen Corporation. Collagraft was developed to partially simulate the major components in bone: collagen and hydroxyapatite. Collagraft received approval to market in 1993 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) through a Premarket Approval application. 2,3 Collagraft bone substitute is a composite of type 1 bovine dermal fibular collagen and a biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic, with each individual granule containing separate microdomains of hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) phases of a calcium phosphate ceramic. Collagraft created a combination of materials that were similar to bone and could have cells or other osteogenic materials/agents added to this synthetic graft.4 The combination of collagen with fast and slow degrading bioceramics presents a bone graft scaffold that allows for new bone formation.1 Multiple preclinical and clinical studies for bone graft repair reported the successful use of this bone graft composite with various biological agents and/or materials.4-6 Collagraft was the initial approved composite bone graft substitute and thus laid a developmental outline for subsequent bone graft substitute composites. It was the first composite bone grafting material containing both a calcium phosphate ceramic and a collagen binder. Previous bone-grafting products were just loose ceramic granules while Collagraft’s formulation provides a stable matrix for cells to attach to and deposit new bone within. Collagraft is no longer marketed/distributed through Zimmer; it is currently marketed/distributed through NeuColl, Inc. (Campbell, CA).

Publication Title

Translating Biomaterials for Bone Graft: Bench-Top to Clinical Applications

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