Chitosan electrospun membranes for bone regeneration – an in vivo study in a rat calvarial critical sized defect

Abstract

Statement of Purpose: Guided bone regeneration membranes (GBR) are designed to provide coverage and protection of bone-grafted spaces during bone regeneration. It is commonly used in periodontal, particularly in bone graft and dental implant procedures. These membranes support bone volume augmentation and prevent soft tissue migration into the site. GBR membranes are ideally biocompatible, biodegradable with non-toxic degradation products, and have nanofiber structure that mimics the natural nanofiber extracellular matrix. Chitosan is a natural biodegradable polysaccharide that can be fabricated into nanofibrous membranes using an electrospinning method. Chitosan has attracted many interests due to its natural availability, biocompatibility and degradation profiles. Collagen membranes are recognized for their superior cell affinity and biocompatibility however, their fast and unpredictable degradation may impose some limitations. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo performance of two types of chitosan electrospun membranes, comparing it to a commercial collagen membrane. Their ability to support bone repair and their biocompatibility were assessed at 4 weeks in an 8mm critical sized calvarial defect model.

Publication Title

Transactions of the Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials and the Annual International Biomaterials Symposium

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