Evaluation of blended chitosan/polyol injectable paste in an in vitro model of osteomyelitis

Abstract

Statement of Purpose: Musculoskeletal infections are a serious concern in orthopedics, increasing morbidity, mortality, and treatment difficulty. Osteomyelitis can occur after a traumatic injury, periprosthetic joint replacement, or bone reconstruction. Orthopaedic defects requiring metal screws and fixators are at particular risk of infection due to biofilm formation on implanted biomaterials. Biofilm is intrinsically less susceptible to antibiotic therapy due to decreased metabolic rates and the dormant persister cell phenotype. Mannitol, a sugar alcohol, has been shown to activate bacterial metabolism, reversing the persister cell phenotype within biofilm and increasing susceptibility of biofilm to aminoglycosides [1]. Blends of mannitol and chitosan combine the anti-biofilm properties of mannitol with chitosan drug-delivery systems, which have previously shown to be effective in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in the form of an injectable paste [2]. This injectable glycobiomaterial system may prevent biofilm formation and treat existing biofilms by delivering antibiotics while simultaneously increasing bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. The goals of this project were to evaluate chitosan/mannitol blends for efficacy in preventing Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in an in vitro tissue model using cadaveric rabbit bone.

Publication Title

Transactions of the Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials and the Annual International Biomaterials Symposium

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