Inheritance pattern of earliness in cotton (gossypium hirsutum L.)

Abstract

Fifty one genotypes of Gossypium hirsutum L. were evaluated for variation based on earliness characteristics and seed cotton yield. Seven divergent genotypes including four early and three late maturing genotypes were crossed in a full diallel mating system. Preliminary ANOVA showed significant differences for all the traits.. Additive-dominance model was employed for the interpretation of inheritance pattern controlling earliness and seed cotton yield. The scaling tests fully met the pre-requisites of additive-dominance model and all the traits in F 1 generation showed complete adequacy. The data for seed cotton yield in F 1 and days take to 1 st boll opening in F 2 generation were partially adequate for additive-dominance model and for boll maturation period was inadequate in F 2 generation. Additive component (D) and dominance components (H 1&H 2) were found significant for all the traits thus confirming the contribution of both additive and non-additive effects in both generations except for days to 1 st flower in F 2 generation where the dominance components were non-significant. Formal ANOVA results revealed the contribution of both additive 'a' and non additive effects 'b' for all the traits in both generations except for the trait nodes for 1 st fruiting branch. Inheritance of incase of nodes to 1 st branch was controlled by partial dominance; earliness index by over dominance; and days taken to 1 st boll opening and seed cotton yield by complete dominance in both generations. In F1 generation, days to 1 st flower was controlled by over dominance while in F 2 it was inherited additively. Boll maturation period was controlled by over dominance. Heritability estimates in both generations remained moderate to high except for days to 1 st flower where it was very low. Hybrid vigour can be exploited in the case of traits controlled by complete dominance and over dominance while in cases additive control pedigree selection might be fruitful for improvement of the crop.

Publication Title

Australian Journal of Crop Science

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